This book presents a comprehensive review of energy research studies from authors around the globe, including recent research in energy, environmental protection from thermodynamic properties, the performance of refrigeration cycles and air-conditioning; science and technology policies for sustainable development; a case study of wind potential and its utilization for water pumping; earth heat pump system with vertical pipes for heat extraction for domestic heating and cooling; and a critical review of the effects of diesel fuel composition and properties on engine performance and pollutant emissions.