Introduction Gaharu or Karas, widely known as agarwood, emerges as a subtropical forest tree, scattered across Southeast Asia and into the rainforests of Papua New Guinea. The rich, dark agarwood resin found in the Aquilaria genus unveils a hidden gem, making agarwood one of the world’s most prized and expensive woods for over a millennium. But what truly elevates agarwood to be hailed as a "diamond in the forest"? Overview This book delves into the captivating saga of agarwood, offering readers a fascinating journey through its natural history, exploring its utilization across cultures over the centuries, and uncovering the reasons behind its esteemed status. From biological intricacies to pharmaceutical applications and economic significance, readers will be enlightened on the multifaceted aspects of agarwood. Content Highlights: This compilation comprises three comprehensive studies shedding light on various facets of agarwood: 1. The optimal chemical inoculation methods for enhancing agarwood resin production. 2. The benefits of short-term plantation in integrated agarwood farming strategies. 3. Exploring the potential aphrodisiac properties of agarwood, opening avenues for further research and discovery. Conclusion: Despite agarwood's enduring status as one of the world's most expensive woods, its scarcity and ecological importance remain significant challenges. In addition, this book discusses the numerous potential and benefits of using agarwood in medicinal sectors and traditional practices around the world. This book not only illuminates agarwood's allure but also underscores the imperative of sustainable practices to safeguard its future and preserve the invaluable ecological heritage it embodies.