Among insects butterflies occupy a vital position in ecosystems and their occurrence and diversity are considered as good indicators of the health of terrestrial biota. Butterflies are valuable pollinators in the local environment and help in pollinating more than 50 economically important crops. Butterflies are an excellent choice for monitoring the habitat quality. Butterflies are one of the best studied groups and are highly sensitive to habitat disturbances; they are commonly used as indicator of environmental quality. the classification, species number and conservation of butterflies are the few basic knowledge is crucial to study further, in this book an attempt was made to provide the same. hope this will help research students to basic idea of butterflies.