This title is a detailed academic monograph that explores the use of linear and non-linear programming in economic theory, specifically applied to the theory of the firm. Originally developed as a doctoral dissertation at the University of California, the study draws heavily on contributions from leading economists and mathematicians. The work acknowledges the influence of George Dantzig, who pioneered linear programming, as well as contributions from Professor G.C. Evans, who provided guidance on mathematical rigor. The monograph also recognizes Professor A.W. Tucker’s foundational work on non-linear programming, which enabled the author’s exploration of quadratic programming applications in monopolistic settings. The research, inspired by and partially funded through a United States Air Force initiative to advance administrative techniques, underscores the practical applications of programming theory within large organizations. This monograph emphasizes both the theoretical advances in economic modeling and the broader relevance of linear and quadratic programming approaches to real-world organizational challenges. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1951.