The study of the Earth's atmosphere along with its physical processes is known as atmospheric science. It is primarily categorized into three branches, namely, meteorology, climatology and aeronomy. The study of atmospheric changes due to either anthropogenic or natural climate variability falls under the domain of climatology. Such changes can be either long-term or short-term in nature. Meteorology focuses on weather forecasting. It includes atmospheric chemistry and physics. The study of the uppermost layers of the atmosphere is referred to as aeronomy. This includes the processes of ionization and dissociation in the atmosphere. Some of the instruments used to study the atmosphere are weather balloons, rocketsondes, satellites, radiosondes, etc. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the field of atmospheric science. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied branches that fall under this category. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.