The species Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willdenow) O. Berg, Myrtaceae, popularly known as cambuí, has a natural distribution in areas of sandy restingas on the south coast of Alagoas, mainly in the municipalities of Piaçabuçu and Penedo. It is a native fruit tree with potential economic value, and its fruit is highly prized both fresh and processed. The plant is used as a medicinal and ornamental plant and in urban afforestation projects. However, due to disorderly urban and agricultural occupation, the species is at considerable risk of becoming extinct in Alagoas, necessitating studies aimed at maintaining its genetic diversity in the state.