This book comprehensively reviews the role of hypoxia in cancer initiation and progression. It explores hypoxia-driven signaling pathways and the immune microenvironment in hypoxic tumors, offering insights into network implications for cancer development and therapy, along with strategies to counter hypoxia-induced immune suppression. Investigating influence of hypoxia on cancer stem cells and cellular stemness, the book highlights its role in maintaining stemness at hypoxic niches and potential therapeutic opportunities. The book, in turn, explores tools and techniques for the detection of hypoxic phenotypes and in vivo models for studying hypoxic cancer, angiogenesis, and vasculature remodeling in hypoxic tumors, discussing innovative drug delivery, and targeting hypoxia-inducible factors. Finally, it outlines clinical applications of hypoxia research in cancer therapy, ranging from advancements in radiation strategies to biomarkers, diagnosis, precision medicine, and future directions in hypoxia-activated prodrug research. This comprehensive resource serves as a valuable reference for researchers, clinicians, and professionals engaged in understanding and combating cancer hypoxia.Key Features: Offers a thorough review of the role of hypoxia in cancer initiation and progression Presents complex hypoxia-driven signaling pathways in tumors and their implications for cancer development and therapy Role of hypoxia in maintaining stemness within hypoxic niches and potential therapeutic opportunities Discusses ways to enhance drug efficacy in hypoxic tumor microenvironments Explores therapeutic approaches targeting hypoxic tumor vasculature