Capitalism in the twentieth century has been marked by periods of persistent bad performance alternating with episodes of good performance. Cornwall and Cornwall draw upon Schumpterian, Institutional and Keynesian economics to investigate how far these swings can be explained as integral to capitalist development. The authors consider the macroeconomic record of the developed capitalist economies over the past 100 years (including rates of growth, inflation and unemployment) as well as the interaction of economic variables with the changing structural features of the economy in the course of industrialization and transformation.