The book explores the rich botanical diversity of the region and its significance in traditional and modern medicine. The book provides an in-depth analysis of medicinal plants such as Rhodiola rosea, Ferula assa-foetida, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Ephedra sinica, detailing their chemical composition, pharmacological properties, and therapeutic applications. It discusses their historical use in herbal medicine, Ayurveda, and Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as recent scientific findings on their efficacy in treating conditions like inflammation, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. The book also highlights sustainable harvesting practices, cultivation techniques, and challenges in integrating these herbs into evidence-based medicine. A valuable resource for botanists, pharmacologists, and healthcare professionals, it bridges the gap between traditional herbal knowledge and modern medical research.