Chronic kidney disease is a form of kidney disease, in which the loss of kidney’s function or failure takes place gradually over a period of months or years. High blood pressure, leg swelling, anemia and loss of appetite are some of its symptoms. The main causes which lead to the loss of kidney function include diabetes, high blood pressure and glomerular nephritis. Urine dipstick, nuclear medicine MAG3 scan and renal ultrasonography are some of the most commonly used techniques to assess the functioning of kidneys. Renal dialysis and kidney transplant are two of the most effective ways to treat chronic kidney disease. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of chronic kidney disease. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. This book will help new researchers by foregrounding their knowledge in this branch.