Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a type of cancer characterized by the development of malignant cells in the tissues of the lung. The major signs and symptoms of NSCLC are shortness of breath, cough, chest discomfort, hoarseness, problem in swallowing, tiredness, etc. Some risks factors of this type of cancer include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asbestos exposure, pulmonary exposure, HIV or AIDS, and air pollution. There are five main ways of treating NSCLC, namely, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Surgical procedures including lobectomy, segmentectomy, a wedge resection and pneumonectomy are used for treating this cancer. Chemotherapy utilizes drugs for destroying cancer cells by preventing the cancer cells from proliferating, dividing and replicating. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the current therapies and treatments of non-small cell lung cancer. It will also provide interesting topics for research which interested readers can take up. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts, this book targets students and professionals.