Coming three years, and one extended court battle, after the commercial breakthrough of
Born to Run
,
Darkness on the Edge of Town
was highly anticipated. Some attributed the album's embattled tone to
Springsteen's
legal troubles, but it carried on from
, in which
Springsteen
had first begun to view his colorful cast of characters as "losers." On
Darkness
, he began to see them as the working class. One song was called "Factory," and in another, "Badlands," "you" work "'neath the wheel / Till you get your facts learned." Those "facts" are that "Poor man wanna be rich / Rich man wanna be king / And a king ain't satisfied / Till he rules everything." But
characters, some of whom he inhabited and sang for in the first person, had little and were in danger of losing even that. Their only hope for redemption lay in working harder -- "You gotta live it everyday," he sang in "Badlands," but you also, as another song noted, have to "Prove It All Night." And their only escape lay in driving.
presented these hard truths in hard rock settings, the tracks paced by powerful drumming and searing guitar solos. Though not as heavily produced as
was given a full-bodied sound, with prominent keyboards and double-tracked vocals.
stories were becoming less heroic, but his musical style remained grand. Yet the sound, and the conviction in his singing, added weight to songs like "Racing in the Street" and the title track, transforming the pathetic into the tragic. But despite the rock & roll fervor,
was no easy listen, and it served notice that
was already willing to risk his popularity for his principles. Indeed,
was not as big a seller as
. And it presaged even starker efforts, such as
Nebraska
and
The Ghost of Tom Joad
. ~ William Ruhlmann