Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is the third most common cardiovascular disease. Two-thirds of patients with DVT are first episodes, and the remainders are recurrences. Pulmonary embolism is the most common complication of DVT. And now, DVT and pulmonary are considered two spectra of the same disease, namely venous thromboembolism (VTE). This book provides a comprehensive review of current diagnosis and treatment of DVT. This book includes chapters on clinical approaches in DVT, VTE and cancer, prevention of DVT in neurological surgery, combination of pretest clinical probability score and different D-dimer cutoff value for exclusion of VTE, ambulatory therapy for DVT, management of DVT with oral anticoagulant, surgical intervention for acute DVT, and recent multicenter survey of DVT from Japan. In this book, the mechanisms of VTE, diagnostic strategy of DVT, various treatment options for DVT, and prevention of VTE are discussed.