The Crioula breed is being geared towards high-performance equestrian competitions, which requires changes in its breeding conditions. Eating habits determine the health or impairment of the oral mechanics, which are designed to reduce the size of the particles taken in and provide adequate digestion and absorption of nutrients. Thus, studies on equine dentistry in this breed are essential in order to better prepare and adapt the athlete horse to new management and feeding conditions. The aim of this study was therefore to identify and quantify dental disorders in order to promote knowledge about dental alterations in Crioulo horses, which are reared exclusively in an extensive system. A total of 254 male and female Criollo horses aged over two years were used for diagnosis, based on anamnesis, inspection and palpation of the face and oral cavity, as well as specific examination. Although all the horses studied were extensively reared, dental alterations were very common in the Criollo breed under these management conditions.