A SHABA COMPLEX EYE 15ML 0.5OZ. Benefits: Reduces the look of fine lines and wrinkles in the eye area. Alleviates puffiness around the eyes. Increases moisture and improves elasticity for a rested, more youthful look. Dermatologist Tested. Formulated at a skin-friendlypH of 5.5. Key Ingredients: 0.1% retinol: At a gentle 0.1% concentration, this pure form of vegan retinol can help improve the look of fine lines and wrinkles around the eye area, as well as ward off the free radical damage done by daily exposure to UV rays, pollution, and other environmental stressors. 3% caffeine: Caffeine has powerful antioxidant benefits for skin, and at higher concentrations (3% and above), it has the potential to alleviate puffiness around the eyes. Copper tripeptide-1: Used for its powerful antioxidant properties and its ability to promote healthy collagen production (reducing the appearance of fine lines) and improve skin elasticity. Research Results: In a clinical study with 34 people after 8 weeks:. 97% of people showed improvement in undereye bags, crow's feet, and dark circles. 94% of people showed improvement in skin's texture. In a clinical study with 34 people after 4 weeks:. 88% of people showed improvement in skin's firmness.