The sub-field of biology concerned with the in-depth study of evolutionary processes is known as evolutionary biology. These processes are responsible for the diversity of life on this planet. Speciation, natural selection and common descent are some common evolutionary processes. Diverse topics and ideas are incorporated in the current research in evolutionary biology such as computer science and molecular genetics. The research has further widened to cover the genetic architecture of adaptation, molecular evolution, and the different forces that contribute to evolution such as biogeography, sexual selection and genetic drift. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of evolutionary biology. It is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the field of evolutionary biology. This book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.