Parting from the current philosophical perspective, this volume picks up the 'explanation-comprehension' debate, from its origins in Dilthey to the approaches that transcend the purely methodological view. This book contains a critical evaluation of the transformation the discussion has undergone in the field of contemporary philosophy and the theoretical productivity and interest that it has in different fields, like those of the human and social sciences. It is a debate that reflects the self-understanding of philosophy in the 20th century and that expands on the formation of the philosophical problems of the currents of thought that indirectly contribute to form. With contributions of prominent specialists, the questions tackled compile various approximations from the historical, phenomenological, analytical, and hermeneutical approaches, as well as those of critical theory. Some of the authors whose contributions deserve special attention are: Von Wright, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Popper, Huh, Gadamer, Davidson, Merleau-Ponty, Arendt, and Habermas.