This book outlines the processes and applications of fermentation in detail. It gives detail information about the science and technology behind this process. Fermentation is the process that converts the sugar present in an object into gas, alcohol or acid. It is a metabolic process and it generally occurs in yeast and bacteria. The study of different processes of fermentation is known as zymology. Such selected concepts that redefine this subject have been presented in this text. Also included in it is a detailed explanation of the various concepts and applications of fermentation. This textbook is an essential guide for both academicians and those who wish to pursue this discipline further.