This book explores how resident foreign businesspersons interact with Chinese colleagues in government and business and how this interaction affects implementation of joint venture laws and policies that have been introduced to regulate joint ventures since 1979. In particular, it investigates local-level bargaining between foreign joint venture managers and subnational bureaucratic actors. It considers the policy adjustments and legal innovations that evolve from this process and examines policy implementors who strive to maximize and speed transfer of capital, technology, and management know-how while maintaining control over joint venture operations and joint venture managers who develop countermeasures to maximise profit, including improving product quality and increasing autonomy from the state.