The branch of science and medicine concerned with the health of the breasts and the female reproductive organs-the vagina, uterus and ovaries, is known as gynecology. The main tools of diagnosis in gynecology are physical examination and clinical history. A medical tool, called speculum, is often used to examine the female reproductive organs. Rectovaginal examination, abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound are some of the common ways to diagnose gynecological problems. Some of the common gynecological problems are incontinence of urine, infertility, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of gynecology. It aims to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.