This book presents a compact study on recent concepts and advances in biomedical engineering. The ongoing advancement of civilization and related technological innovations are increasingly affecting many aspects of our lives. These changes are also visible in the development and practical application of new methods for medical diagnosis and treatment, which in turn are closely linked to expanding knowledge of the functions of the human body. This development is possible primarily due to the increasing cooperation of scientists from various disciplines, and related activities are referred to as “biomedical engineering.” The combined efforts of doctors, physiotherapists and engineers from various fields of science have helped achieve dynamic advances in medicine that would have been impossible in the past. The reader will find here papers on biomaterials, biomechanics, as well as the use of information technology and engineering modeling methods in medicine. The respective papers will promote the development of biomedical engineering as a vital field of science, based on cooperation between doctors, physiotherapists and engineers. The editors would like to thank all the people who contributed to the creation of this book – both the authors, and those involved in technical aspects.