The book titled "Interesting Materials: Graphene and Graphene Oxide" is structured into four chapters. In recent years, a new material called graphene has emerged within the field of advanced nanomaterials and is being extensively explored by scientists and engineers. Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) allotrope of carbon, in which sp²-hybridized carbon atoms are covalently bonded in a hexagonal lattice to form a single atomic sheet. It is now understood that graphene is the fundamental building block of other carbon allotropes, such as graphite, single-walled/multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes. Over the past five years, chemically modified graphene (CMG) has been studied for a wide range of applications-including polymer composites, energy materials, sensors, paper-like materials, field-effect transistors (FETs), and biomedical uses-thanks to its excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. The chemical modification of graphene oxide, derived from graphite oxide, has become a promising method for the large-scale production of CMG platelets.