The author seeks to present the main elements relating to the practice of dialogue in Religious Education. The religious phenomenon denotes the insecurity of human beings in the face of their existential doubts. The school is the privileged place for encounters between different people. In order to understand current events, it is necessary to know the history of this discipline. For this reason, the author presents historical aspects of Religious Education in Brazil in the first chapter entitled: Religious Education in the Brazilian Context. In the second chapter, entitled Religious Pluralism: challenges for Inter-Religious Dialogue, he seeks to define Inter-Religious Dialogue and its importance for practice in Religious Education. What is different enriches and challenges us. Mutual respect between those who are different must be cultivated. The author shows that the Second Vatican Council opened the door to the reality of ecumenism among the Christian churches in search of reconciliation among themselves, in order to profess faith together in Jesus Christ, the Son of God. In the third chapter, The religious phenomenon in the Brazilian context, the author socialises that the great characteristic of Brazilian territory is religious pluralism.