As a branch of social science, archaeology refers to the understanding of human history, pre-history and existence through the study of architecture, artifacts, biofacts, cultural landscapes, eco-facts, material culture, etc. The main methods used in this field are excavation, remote sensing, drones, computational archaeology, etc. This vast field also has many sub-branches such as archaeometry, ethnoarchaeology, historical archaeology, cultural resources management and experimental archaeology. This book revolves around the fundamental and essential concepts of archaeology. It explores all the important aspects of this field in the present day scenario. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this textbook an invaluable source of knowledge in the field of archaeology.