Lumbre de fe
is the most extensive and articulate polemic text of polemic against Islam written during the 16th century in Spanish in the Iberian Peninsula. The work is the result of the preaching task carried out by Joan Martí de Figuerola for the conversion of the Mudejars of Zaragoza between 1517 and 1518, a task that brought Figuerola into numerous confrontations with the secular authorities for disturbing the coexistence between the two confessions. Lumbre de fe also stands out for its use of qur’ānic texts in Arabic to attack Islam. These texts, transliterated in Latin characters and translated into Spanish, are commented and discussed by Figuerola, making use of his vast theological erudition and his experience as a preacher in the crown of Aragon. The manuscript in which the work is preserved also contains numerous images representing Islamic beliefs and rites, which further reinforces the enormous originality and strength of the work.