Lake Tanganyika, one of the oldest and largest lakes in the world, plays a central role in the lives of communities living along its shores in four countries: Tanzania, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Zambia. Throughout this book, we have explored various aspects related to the rising waters of Lake Tanganyika, analyzing the causes, impacts and responses to this phenomenon.We begin with an overview of the geographical and ecological context of Lake Tanganyika, highlighting its importance for local communities and biodiversity. The lake is an essential source of fresh water, food and livelihoods for millions of people. However, it also faces significant challenges from rising water levels, a complex issue resulting from a number of factors, including climate change and human activities.