This chapter examines leishmaniasis in Tunisia, covering its epidemiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods. It describes the pathogen, its transmission cycle, and the vectors and reservoirs involved. Factors influencing epidemiology, such as socio-economic and environmental conditions, are also analyzed. The chapter deals with the various clinical forms of the disease, including cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, with particular emphasis on the forms encountered in Tunisia. Finally, diagnostic tools are presented, ranging from microscopic examination to immunological and molecular techniques.