This paper aims to map scientific production in Hospital Psychology in order to understand its characteristics. The discussion in this text is introduced by a brief history of Hospital Psychology, highlighting the pioneers who worked in this field in Brazil, such as Mathilde Neder and Bellkiss Wilma Romano Lamosa. Subsequently, the creation of the journals Revista de Psicologia Hospitalar (Hospital Psychology Journal) and Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia Hospitalar (Brazilian Society of Hospital Psychology Journal) will be described.