This book, now in a second revised and enlarged edition, covers a course of mathematics designed primarily for physics and engineering students. It includes all the essential material on mathematical methods, presented in a form accessible to physics students and avoiding unnecessary mathematical jargon and proofs that are comprehensible only to mathematicians. Instead, all proofs are given in a form that is clear and sufficiently convincing for a physicist. Examples, where appropriate, are given from physics contexts. Both solved and unsolved problems are provided in each section of the book. The second edition includes more on advanced algebra, polynomials and algebraic equations in significantly extended first two chapters on elementary mathematics, numerical and functional series and ordinary differential equations. Improvements have been made in all other chapters, with inclusion of additional material, to make the presentation clearer, more rigorous and coherent, and the number of problems has been increased at least twofold. Mathematics for Natural Scientists: Fundamentals and Basics is the first of two volumes. Advanced topics and their applications in physics are covered in the second volume the second edition of which the author is currently being working on.