This book is composed of eight chapters with chapter one describing the general introduction of Nanomaterials and their synthesis. Chapter two is composed of the analysis and characterization of nanoparticles while chapter three describes the application of nanotechnology (NT) to environmental remediation. Chapter four presents the application of NT to energy including the role of NT in developing renewable energies that will replace environmentally unfriendly fossil fuels. Chapter five describes the application of NT to medicine which includes, the fields of Nano-medicine application to diagnosis, treating and preventing diseases. Chapter six presents the application of NT to industry including development of every day products. Chapter seven describes the application of NT and Nano-science to main areas of food science and technology. The use of NT in food industry increases the safety measures in food manufacturing, processing, packing and distribution. Chapter eight presents the application of NT to agriculture to improve soil quality and have efficient nutrients to increase productivity.