With the launch of very high-resolution satellite sensors at the beginning of this decade (e.g. IKONOS, OrbView, QUICKBIRD) many important new remote se- ing applications have been developed. Major progress has been demonstrated in the accurate detection, identification and analysis of small-scale, site-specific f- tures, including critical commercial and industrial facilities such as nuclear power plants. According to IAEA Director-General and 2005 Nobel Peace Prize winner, Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei, the provision of the necessary information and guarantees for monitoring the Iranian nuclear programme is an urgent priority for the future. Today, satellite imagery analysis is an integral part of the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) safeguards and verifications efforts and high-resolution commercial satellite imagery is an important component of this process. Several international studies have proven the usefulness and documented the - plicability of remotely sensed data for site verification purposes. Recent important developments in satellite sensor capabilities and innovations in analytic techniques make it clear that this “hardware-software-complex” is changing and improving rapidly. This book documents the latest developments in satellite data analysis and comprehensively describes the process of extracting information from space-borne sensor data for site verification purposes.