On the Psychology of the Dementia Praecox (über die Psychologie der Demertia praecox) is an early work by Jung during his clinical days. This work focused on what was then called "dementia praecox," a term coined by Emil Kraepelin that later evolved into what we now know as schizophrenia. Drawing on his experience as a resident at the Burghölzli Psychiatric Clinic under Eugen Bleuler, Jung integrated empirical data, clinical observation, and psychoanalytic theory to explore the condition. He addressed the hallmarks of dementia praecox, such as disordered thought processes, withdrawal from reality, and the emergence of a vivid internal fantasy world, and proposed that these symptoms reflected the psyche's retreat from an overwhelming external reality. Central to Jung's analysis was his critique of purely neurological or reductionist explanations of the disorder. While acknowledging the possible physiological underpinnings of dementia praecox, he argued that the psychological dimensions of the condition were equally, if not more, significant. Jung introduced the concept of "loss of reality" as a defining characteristic, suggesting that the condition involved a redirection of psychic energy (or libido) away from the external world and toward the internal, often archetypal, realms of the unconscious. He observed that this inward focus gave rise to fragmented thoughts and hallucinations that, while seemingly chaotic, contained symbolic meaning and could be interpreted as compensatory attempts by the psyche to cope with its circumstances.