Sleep is a major physiological drive. It is a universal phenomenon that is characterized by a reversible state of partial unresponsiveness and disengagement from the environment. It is critical to the child's health, development and daily functioning. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by episodes of complete collapse of the airway or partial collapse with an associated decrease in oxygen saturation or arousal from sleep.While it's most common for a child to experience mild symptoms of sleep apnea, untreated childhood sleep apnea could be dangerous and lead to complications like growth and development challenges'; loss of bladder control (enuresis); Cardiopulmonary disease (heart and lung conditions) etc. This book discusses the prevalence of OSA in India, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis and management.