Originally published in 1987, this book challenged readers to consider the political issues, agency practices, and social directions of planning adult learning programs and services at the time. It confronts the subject of planning from the perspective of federally constituted countries where policies of decentralization generally prevail. It proposes that the concept of adult education may be too narrow to accommodate the breadth of adult learning in many different sectors, not only the Education sector. In clarifying main issues surrounding planning of adult learning, the book opens up new horizons for thinking about a field which heretofore had at best appeared conceptually confusing and politically unclear.