This work presents an analysis of the 6th National Health Conference, held between 1 and 5 August 1977, focusing on the Annals and Final Report of the event, published in the same year by the Ministry of Health. The sources were scrutinised as discourse, since they were prepared to be spoken orally, and as postulates left over from a debate event. The context in which they were produced was also studied, seeking to understand their motivations, intentions and the arguments that underpin the projects drawn up and established there. The aim is to contribute to studies on the social significance of public health in the history of Brazil, the relevance of the Conferences for the sector, their social role and the singularities of the 6th edition of these events. To this end, the spaces for discussion on health in Brazil in the 1970s are traced, as well as their problems. The aim is to understand the importance of the sector in the context of the democratic opening and as an area of mobilisation and social action, expressed through this specific documentation.