Radioecology refers to the study of ecology concerned with the presence of radioactivity in Earth's ecosystems. Radioecology research includes experimental laboratory and field procedures, field sampling and the construction of environmentally predictive simulation models in an effort to understand how radioactive material migrates through the environment. The practice combines techniques from different disciplines such as mathematics, physics, ecology, chemistry and biology. It is applied for the protection of different organisms from radiation. DNA is the major target in all the living organisms for the initiation of biological effects due to radiation. There exist wide similarities and differences in radiation responses in various organisms. Radioecological studies provide the information required for risk assessment and dose estimation in the context of radioactive pollution and its effects on human health and the environment. The topics included in this book on radioecology are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. It provides significant information of this discipline to help develop a good understanding of radiation dynamics and its impact. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area of study as well as for experts.