Human beings live with moral and social conflicts. These are regulated by the constitutional state which is acting as a limit and support of politics. When a system changes the law changes too and individual criminal liability in the new system is redefined. In multi-cultural societies inter-cultural conflicts of law are to be seen from a criminal law perspective. In this context especially the circumcision of boys needs to be discussed in view of the factors bodily injury, freedom of religion and coming to terms with the past. A new field of responsibility is most recently emerging because of the development in genomics. Here a new situation of conflict between human conscience and law is opening up.