The diseases related to the organs and tissues involved in gas exchange are called respiratory diseases. They involve the conditions associated with the upper respiratory tract, bronchi, pleura, alveoli, trachea, bronchioles and pleural cavity. Common cold is one of the most common respiratory disease. Other severe respiratory conditions include acute asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism and lung cancer. Pulmonology is the field of medicine dealing with respiratory diseases. Some of the common tests used for diagnosing respiratory diseases include blood tests, chest X-ray, bronchoscopy, ultrasound, computed tomography scan and pulmonary function test. Medications include the intake of antibiotics and leukotriene antagonists, and the inhalation of bronchodilators and steroids. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on respiratory diseases have been included in this book. It includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.