Respiratory diseases are a group of pathological conditions that affect parts of respiratory system and lungs. These diseases can be classified into three categories, namely, obstructive lung disease, restrictive lung diseases and chronic respiratory disease. Obstructive lung diseases are respiratory conditions characterized by obstruction of air flow. They include diseases like chronic bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis. Restrictive lung diseases are diseases classified by a loss of pulmonary compliance. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are some common restrictive lung diseases. Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are a group of long-term diseases that affect the structures and airways of lungs. CRDs include diseases like occupational lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension. Diet and nutrition play a major role in the management of respiratory diseases. The intake of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, fiber and phytochemicals has potential advantages in the management of respiratory conditions. The various advancements in study of respiratory diseases are glanced at and the role of dietary and metabolic factors is looked at in detail within this book. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.