This book addresses the critical role of science education in the context of global growth and development, emphasizing its significance in the advancement of societal progress. The book identifies and explores the lack of comprehensive resources compiling diverse learning theories and their practical applications in science teaching. Tailored for a global audience, it bridges the knowledge gap with a narrative genre, offering a cohesive exploration of fundamental theories and applications. With contributors from 14 countries, this edition goes beyond its predecessor, delivering updated insights across chapters in research, pedagogy, and educational theory. Each chapter enriches the reader's experience with exercises and reflections, fostering deeper engagement. Notably, the second edition responds to the evolving educational landscape, introducing Chapter 28 on Virtual Technology in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is an invaluable resource for students, educators and researchers interested in science education, providing a comprehensive exploration of updated theories and practices.