This book attempts to implement the new political theology of Metz in the Indian context, where casteism and its discrimination are still prevalent at various levels. Caste is the social evil of Indian society. This same social evil has infiltrated the Catholic Church since the beginning of the process of conversion. Caught in the clutches of casteism, the Indian Catholic Church fails to witness to the values of the Gospel. In these circumstances, it is the new political theology of Metz that calls the whole Indian Catholic Church to look at itself critically, to correct its error and to be a true witness of the Gospel in India. The caste system, which hits the untouchables hardest in Indian society, hits the Christian untouchables even harder. They converted to Christianity in the hope of being emancipated from caste discrimination. But their hope has been turned upside down, and they face the worst kind of discrimination within the church. In the light of the new political theology of Metz, the Catholic Church in India must stand in solidarity with the victims of caste discrimination and fight hard to eradicate caste not only from the Church but also from Indian society.