Synthetic biology is a branch of science that seeks to create new biological parts, devices and systems, or to redesign systems that already exist in nature. It is a multidisciplinary area of research that encompasses a wide range of methodologies from several disciplines including biotechnology, molecular biology, chemical and biological engineering, etc. There are two different approaches in synthetic biology, namely, top-down approach and bottom-up approach. Synthetic biology researches are being used extensively for developing sustainable solutions for problems related to the fields of medicine, manufacturing and agriculture. In bioprocess technology, synthetic biology is used to achieve the production of high-value compounds important for vital biological activities. This book outlines the concepts and applications of synthetic biology and biotechnology in detail. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied aspects of safety, security and risk assessment with respect to this field. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.