In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the testes. Topics discussed in this compilation include the roles and regulatory mechanism of proton pumping V-ATPase in spermatozoa and epididymis physiology; oxidative stress as a converging mechanism of testicular damage; the pathophysiology of the testis after ischemia reperfusion injury; beta-actin implications in the seminiferous tubule; heat stress damage in mammalian testis; and the effect of plasticizers on testis and Sertoli cell functions.