The biosphere, which is also known as the ecosphere, is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be characterized as the closed system on earth which is the zone of life, and a system which is largely self-regulating. Earth's biosphere is an ecological system that integrates all living beings and their relationships. It also includes their interactions with the elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. The biosphere is divided into a variety of biomes on the basis of latitudes. All biomes are inhabited by diverse species of flora and fauna. This book unravels the recent studies on the Earth's biosphere. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. This book aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in this area.